BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1742|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
          |(916) 445-6614         Fax: (916) |                         |
          |327-4478                          |                         |
           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
                                        
                                THIRD READING  
                                        

          Bill No:  SB 1742
          Author:   Hughes (D), et al
          Amended:  4/12/00
          Vote:     21

            
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 4/4/00
          AYES:  Burton, Escutia, Haynes, Morrow, O'Connell, Peace,  
            Sher, Wright, Schiff
           

           SUBJECT  :    Adult abuse

           SOURCE  :    State of California Commission on Aging; Estate  
                 Planning,
                      Trust and Probate Law Section of the State Bar  
                      of California

           
           DIGEST  :    This bill:

          1. Authorizes trained peace officers to issue a  
             declaration, as specified, that an elder person is  
             unable to manage his or her financial resources or to  
             resist fraud or undue influence, that there exists  
             significant danger that the elder person would lose all  
             or a portion of his/her property as a result of the  
             fraud or undue influence, and that there is probable  
             cause to believe a crime is being committed against that  
             elder person.

          2. Authorizes the public guardian to then immediately take  
             charge of the elder person's property without  
             determining whether a conservator of the elder's estate  
                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          2

             should be appointed and whether the public guardian  
             would apply for the appointment.

          3. Establishes a process whereby a person identified as a  
             victim in the peace officer's declaration may bring an  
             ex parte petition to quash the certification.

          4. Authorizes the court, if it determines that there was  
             sufficient evidence for the public guardian's  
             certification, to order disbursements for the elder  
             person's needs out of the frozen estate, or to appoint a  
             temporary conservator and to award reasonable attorney's  
             fees to the elder person's attorney.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law provides various criminal and  
          civil sanctions for offenses involving the abuse of an  
          elder or independent adult.

          Existing law provides for the public guardian of a county  
          to take possession or control of property that is subject  
          to loss, injury, waste or misappropriation, if the public  
          guardian determines the requirements for appointment of a  
          guardian or conservator of the estate are satisfied and the  
          public guardian intends to apply for the appointment.   
          [Probate Code Section 2900.]  A written certification to  
          this effect by the public guardian is effective for five  
          days when issued, and may be recorded in the county in  
          which a person's real property is located.  A financial  
          institution receiving the public guardian's written  
          certification is required to provide to the public guardian  
          information regarding property it holds in the name of the  
          proposed ward or conservatee and to surrender property that  
          is subject to waste, loss, or misappropriation.  [Probate  
          Code Section 2901.]

          This bill would authorize the public guardian of a  
          qualified county to take control of property belonging to  
          an elder person and to issue a certification of that fact  
          to a financial institution as provided under Probate Code  
          Section 2901, without first determining that the  
          requirements for appointment of a guardian or conservator  
          of the estate are satisfied and that the public guardian  
          intended to apply for the appointment as guardian or  
          conservator of the endangered estate.   The bill would  







                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          3

          limit this authority to the public guardian of a county  
          that has all of the following:  a) a financial abuse  
          specialist team (FAST); b) sufficient law enforcement  
          trained in assessing competence; c) a law enforcement unit  
          dedicated to investigation of elder financial abuse and  
          enforcement of laws applicable to elder abuse.  The public  
          guardian would base the decision to seize the property on a  
          declaration filed by an authorized peace officer.

          This bill would authorize a peace officer, upon completion  
          of a check-off competence assessment form and signed  
          concurrence by a member of the FAST, to issue a declaration  
          to the public guardian stating that:

          1. There is probable cause that the mentally impaired elder  
             is substantially unable to manage his or her financial  
             affairs or to resist fraud or undue influence; and,

          2. There is significant danger that the elder person will  
             lose all or a portion of his or her property due to  
             fraud or misrepresentation or the elder's mental  
             incapacity; and,

          3. There is probable cause to believe that a crime is being  
             committed against the elder person; and,

          4. The crime being committed is connected to the mental  
             impairment of the elder; and,

          5. The victim suffers from that inability as a result of  
             deficits in one or more of specified mental functions.

          This bill would then authorize the public guardian to take  
          immediate possession and control of the elder's property  
          and to issue a recordable certificate to that effect.  An  
          elder person who is the subject of a certification issued  
          by the public guardian may petition the court for an order  
          quashing the certification.  The court would be required to  
          quash the certification if the court finds that there was  
          insufficient basis for the certification to have been  
          issued. 

          This bill would authorize the court hearing a petition to  
          quash the public guardian's  certification to order, if  







                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          4

          sufficient evidence is found to justify the certification,  
          disbursements from the elder person's estate for his or her  
          needs, the appointment of a temporary conservator, and an  
          award of reasonable attorney's fees to the elder person's  
          attorney from the estate.

          Finally, this bill would entitle the public guardian who  
          has taken possession of property under this bill to  
          reasonable costs incurred in protecting the property,  
          including reasonable attorney's fees, if specified  
          conditions were met.

          Under this bill, there would be at least 10 members of a  
          financial abuse specialist team (FAST), at least one from  
          each of the following categories:

          1. psychiatrists, psychologists, marriage, family and child  
             counselors, clinical social workers, or other licensed  
             mental health professional;

          2. public guardian;

          3. police or other law enforcement agent;

          4. district attorney's office;

          5. medical personnel with training in health services;

          6. social workers with experience in prevention of elder  
             abuse;

          7. member of the county adult protective services program;

          8. member of the county long-term care ombudsman program;

          9. representative of a financial institution;

          10.attorney proficient in the practice of elder abuse.

          Further, at least one member of FAST shall be:

          1. trained in the prevention of financial abuse of elder  
             persons;








                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          5

          2. trained in the identification of financial abuse of  
             elder persons;

          3. trained in the treatment of financial abuse of elder  
             persons;

          4. trained in all of the above.

          The FAST would be required to contain members who, in the  
          aggregate, are qualified to provide a broad range of  
          services related to the financial abuse of the elder  
          persons.

          Under the provisions of the newly enacted laws relating to  
          elderly abuse, each county is to establish a  
          multi-disciplinary team that would respond within 10 days  
          to reported incidents of elderly abuse, including financial  
          abuse.  These multi-disciplinary teams are to be composed  
          of 1) psychiatrists, or other trained counseling personnel;  
          2) police officers; 3) medical personnel with training in  
          health services; 4) social workers with experience or  
          training in prevention of abuse of the elderly; and 5)  
          public guardians.  This bill, however, would mandate 10  
          different classes of persons to be on the FAST.

          This bill would make a clarifying amendment to the current  
          Welfare and Institutions Code definition of "financial  
          abuse" that affects transfers of property to or from third  
          parties, where the third party commits acts of bad faith in  
          regard to such transfers.

           Background  :

          With a few changes, this bill is similar to SB 1868  
          (Hughes, 1998) and SB 163 (Hughes, 1999).  SB 1868 was  
          vetoed by then-Governor Wilson as unnecessary, as Los  
          Angeles County had already been operating such a pilot  
          project for five years and that the 1998-99 Budget Act  
          appropriated $33.2 million to enhance county adult  
          protective services.  

          Governor Davis vetoed SB 163 on the same basis, stating  
          that the 1999-2000 Budget Act included a $34.9 million  
          augmentation for Adult Protective Services program "to  







                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          6

          allow for enhanced investigation of reports of elder and  
          dependent abuse, including financial abuse, and services  
          for victims including emergency shelter, in-home protective  
          care, food and transportation.  In addition, public  
          guardians have the existing legal authority to avail  
          themselves of the courts to temporarily freeze the assets  
          of potential victims."  The message concluded that "[I]f  
          there is a demonstrated need for further legislation to  
          facilitate appropriate action at the county level, I will  
          entertain it."

           Governor's objections to SB 163 resolved
           
          Proponents argue that in its present form, the Governor's  
          objections to the passage of SB 163 (Hughes, 1999) are  
          overcome.  In contrast to what would have been required of  
          public guardians under SB 163, the public guardian under SB  
          1742 would not be required to act if a peace officer were  
          to submit a declaration as defined in this bill.  This is  
          so, even under current law, but at least, proponents state,  
          more incidents will be brought to the public guardian's  
          attention because of the involvement of peace officers and  
          the expanded version of the FAST, and the expedited  
          handling of potential financial abuse of the elderly will  
          be promoted.

           Prior legislation  

          SB 1868 (Hughes) passed the Senate Floor 36-0, 8/30/98 and  
          SB 163 (Hughes) passed the Senate Floor 30-7, 9/9/98.   
          Noes:  Brulte, Haynes, Knight, Leslie, Lewis, Mountjoy,  
          Poochigian.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/12/00)

          State of California Commission on Aging; Estate Planning,  
                 Trust and 
            Probate Law Section of the State Bar of California  
                 (Source)
          Board of Supervisors, County of Santa Clara








                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          7

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    In 1998, SB 1780 (Murray), SB 1715  
          (Calderon) and SB 2199 (Lockyer) were enacted to strengthen  
          the laws against abuse of the elderly and dependent adults.  
           These bills redefined financial abuse, broadened mandated  
          reporting requirements in cases where suspected abuse  
          (including financial abuse) is being perpetrated on the  
          elderly and dependent adults, and imposed penalties for  
          crimes involving financial abuse against the elderly.   
          Though the results of these three bills have yet to be  
          measured (two became effective January 1, 1999, and the  
          other May 1, 1999), proponents of this bill state that they  
          are not enough, considering the problems encountered daily  
          in the field of financial abuse of the elderly.

          The Commission on Aging and the Senior Legislature report  
          that cases of fiduciary abuse of the fast-growing elderly  
          population are multiplying, and that law enforcement  
          officers and financial institutions have expressed  
          frustration with the current system of protection given to  
          the elderly while their cases are being investigated.   
          According to the sponsor, many people assume that the  
          public guardian is always available to assist a victim or  
          potential victim during the course of an investigation.

          This is not the case, however, as a public guardian is not  
          authorized by law to intercede in a situation unless he or  
          she intends to seek appointment as the conservator or  
          guardian of the victim.  Moreover, the sponsor contends  
          that the public guardian is inadequately funded and thus  
          unable to intercede in many cases.  This bill would create  
          pilot programs to reduce incidences of financial abuse of  
          the elderly and dependent adults by utilizing resources  
          available to peace officers, and by expanding the public  
          guardian's authority to issue a five-day hold on vulnerable  
          accounts and other property.  

          This bill, according to the sponsor, reflects one of the  
          recommendations made to the Commission on Aging during a  
          statewide summit to examine California's responsiveness to  
          the growing incidence of elder abuse.  The California Elder  
          Abuse Summit for Empowerment (CEASE '97) was attended by  
          over 300 leaders of state and local social services, law  
          enforcement, health care providers, and senior  
          organizations.







                                                               SB 1742
                                                                Page  
          8



          RJG:jk  4/12/00   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                ****  END  ****