BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







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          |Hearing Date:April 9, 2007     |Bill No:SB                |
          |                               |226                       |
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               SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND ECONOMIC  
                                     DEVELOPMENT
                         Senator Mark Ridlely-Thomas, Chair

                     Bill No:        SB 226Author:Negrete-Mcleod
                    As Amended: March 28, 2007         Fiscal:Yes

          
          SUBJECT:   Real estate brokers.
          
          SUMMARY:  Repeals and recasts existing law that provides  
          for conditions that must be met prior to the licensure of  
          real estate brokers, and provides that the  Real Estate  
          Commissioner may grant an original real estate broker's  
          license to an applicant who (a) has passed the real estate  
          broker license examination, 
          (b) satisfied other specified requirements, and (c) either  
          held a real estate salesperson's license and satisfied  
          other requirements as specified, or holds an active  
          membership in the State Bar of California.

          Existing law:  

             1)   Establishes in the Business and Transportation  
               Agency (BT&H) the Department of Real Estate (DRE), the  
               chief officer of which is the Real Estate Commissioner  
               and specifies that the Commissioner, through the  
               Department, is responsible for the regulation of real  
               estate transactions and licensure of real estate  
               agents, brokers and appraisers.

             2)   Provides that the following conditions must be met  
               for issuance of a real estate broker's license:  (a)  
               the applicant must hold a real estate salesman's  
               license for at least 2 years and be eligible for  
               renewal of that license within 5 years of the  
               application for a broker's license; and (b) must be  
               actively engaged in the business of real estate  
               salesperson during that time.





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             3)   Provides an exception to the above conditions, if  
               the applicant files a written petition to the DRE  
               setting forth his or her qualifications and experience  
               to include at least the equivalent of two years'  
               general real estate experience or graduation from a  
               four-year college or university course which included  
               specialization in real estate.

             4)   Allows for the immediate issuance of a broker's  
               license if either of the conditions above in item #  
               (3) have been met and the applicant passes the  
               broker's license examination.




          This bill:

             1)   Repeals and recasts the existing law pertaining to  
               the conditions that must be met prior to issuance of  
               an original real estate brokers license.

             2)   Provides that the Commissioner may grant an  
               original broker's license to an applicant who has  
               satisfied  any  of the following four requirements:

                  a)        Has been a licensed salesperson for at  
                    least two years; and been actively engaged in the  
                    business of real estate; and qualified for  
                    renewal of a real estate salesperson license;
                  b)        Is an otherwise qualified applicant who  
                    has graduated from a four-year college or  
                    university course of study that included a major  
                    or minor concentration in real estate;
                  c)        Has demonstrated the equivalent of  
                    general real estate experience by written  
                    petition satisfactory to the commissioner; or
                  d)        Holds an active membership in the State  
                    Bar of California.


          FISCAL EFFECT:  Fiscal effect unknown at this time.  

          COMMENTS:
          





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          1.Purpose.  According to the sponsor, the  California  
            Association of Realtors  , this bill clarifies Business and  
            Professions Code Sec. 10150.6 to ensure that the  
            exemption to the usual two years experience requirement  
            for real estate brokers who have a college degree with a  
            "specialization in real estate" is not applied so broadly  
            as to exempt every applicant with a four year degree from  
            the requirement.

          2.Background.  The sponsor notes that current law generally  
            requires applicants for a real estate broker's license to  
            have, among other things, two years full-time experience  
            in the real estate business.  It also contains  
            alternative ways to demonstrate the experience  
            qualification:

             a)   A finding of equivalent experience and education by  
               the Commissioner; or,
             b)   active membership in the State Bar; or,
             c)   a degree or "course" of study from a four-year  
               college which "included a specialization in real  
               estate."

            The DRE reports on its website that the number of real  
            estate brokers has increased more than 32% in the past  
            five years. The sponsor is concerned that this rapid  
            increase may be due in part to an increase in the number  
            of "degree brokers," i.e. those who qualify for a license  
            based on having a four-year degree.  The sponsor also  
            states that the problem with existing law is that it has  
            been interpreted by the DRE to give the exemption from  
            the experience requirement to the holder of  any  degree,  
            even if it is not relevant to real estate. It has also  
            been applied to give one year of experience credit to  
            holders of a two-year degree, again without a relevancy  
            requirement.

          1.Arguments in Support.  The sponsor believes that the  
            experience requirement for an applicant for a real estate  
            broker's license is a critical consumer protection,  
            because it is the broker who employs sales agents and  
            supervises their conduct.  The combination of a  
            relatively easy entry sales license, coupled with a  
            supervising broker who has both much more education and  
            substantial experience, allows the real estate industry  
            to be both flexible and responsive to market demand.   





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            Equally important, it makes sure that salespeople have a  
            supervisor who actually has experience in the business  
            and can help agents resolve the challenges that arise in  
            transactions. This bill will also clarify the ambiguous  
            language of Section 10150.6 in order to ensure that  
            "specialization in real estate" means a major or minor in  
            real estate, and that the degree exemption from the  
            experience requirement is not applied so broadly as to  
            include  every  applicant with a four year degree. 

          2.Related legislation.

             AB 840  (Emmerson)  ,  currently in the Assembly Committee on  
            Business and Professions, would limit the authorization  
            for the Commissioner of Real Estate to suspend, revoke,  
            or deny the issuance of a license of a person who is  
            convicted of a felony or a crime,  only  when that felony  
            or crime is substantially related to the qualifications,  
            functions, or duties of a real estate licensee.

             AB 1963  (Leslie), vetoed by the Governor in 2006, would  
            have repealed in its entirety the provision of law that  
            allows a person to qualify for a real estate broker's  
            license by using a four year college degree and two years  
            of general real estate experience as a substitute for two  
            years of experience as a real estate salesperson.  The  
            Governor's veto message noted, "Although the Department  
            of Real Estate has seen a significant increase in the  
            real estate licensee population, it does not appear that  
            newly licensed 'degree' brokers pose any more of a risk  
            to the public compared to those brokers who qualified for  
            licensure based on experience.  Given this fact, it  
            appears placing further impediments on those seeking to  
            start a business and work independently is not  
            warranted".

             SB 2429  (Negrete McLeod) Chapter 278, Statutes of 2006,  
            amended the section of law that pertains to real estate  
             salespersons  by eliminating the provision for a  
            conditional license after October 1, 2007 and requiring  
            all applicants for the real estate salesperson's license  
            to complete three specified courses and pass the  
            examination before obtaining the license.
            
          SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
          





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           Support:  

          California Association of Realtors (Sponsor)
          Orange County Association of Realtors
            

           Opposition:
                    
           None received as of April 3, 2009.



          Consultant: Doug Brown