BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 779
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 23, 2007

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mark Leno, Chair

                     AB 779 (Jones) - As Amended:  May 14, 2007 

          Policy Committee:                              JudiciaryVote:8-2
                        Business and Professions              6-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill places additional requirements on government agencies  
          and businesses in the event of a security breach of their  
          computer data bases containing personal information, and  
          establishes data security standards for government agencies and  
          businesses that accept credit or debit card payments.  
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)Prohibits a person, business, or public agency that sells  
            goods or services and accepts credit or debit card payments  
            from: 

             a)   Storing specified personal information related to that  
               payment, unless the seller has a policy limiting the data  
               retained and limiting the time of retention prior to  
               disposal, and the seller's practice is in conformance with  
               that policy.

             b)   Storing "sensitive authentication data," as specified,  
               subsequent to authorization of the payment.

          2)Specifies that (1) does not apply to any person or business in  
            compliance with the federal Gramm-Leach-Bliley rules and  
            regulations, as overseen by a state or federal regulatory  
            agency.

          3)Modifies current law requiring state agencies, persons, and  
            businesses that own, license, or maintain computerized data  
            containing personal information to notify those potentially  
            impacted by a security breach of that data by:









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             a)   Requiring the notification to be written in plain  
               language and to include specified information at a minimum,  
               including a toll-free phone number or alternatively, an  
               electronic mail address for contacting the agency, person,  
               or business. A local phone number may be used if the agency  
               or business has no toll-free number.

             b)   Requiring a copy of the notification to be sent to the  
               Office of Privacy Protection within the Department of  
               Consumer Affairs.

             c)   Entitling the owner or licensee of the personal  
               information to reimbursement from the agency, person, or  
               business for the costs of providing the notification,  
               including the costs of credit or debit card replacement.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)The CSU indicates potential costs exceeding one million  
            dollars to pay for replacement on credit cards in the event of  
            a data breach. For example, at the San Diego campus, replacing  
            credit cards (assuming 25 cents per card) could cost $1.45  
            million to replace 58,000 transactions. The University of  
            California indicates that costs would be absorbable.

          2)Other departments contacted who accept payment by credit or  
            debit card-Board of Equalization, Franchise Tax Board,  
            Employment Development Department, Department of Motor  
            Vehicles and the Department of Parks and Recreation-indicate  
            no additional costs because, in general, these operations are  
            the responsibility of third parties under contract to those  
            agencies. These departments, and the Department of Health  
            Services (DHS), also indicate that they are generally in  
            compliance with the bill's notification requirements, and thus  
            see no additional costs. DHS noted that the bill's requirement  
            for responsible third parties to provide reimbursement could  
            yield cost savings related to any future security breach.

          3)Similar responses could be expected for other state  
            departments not contacted for this analysis. However, some  
            departments could see unknown increased costs, such as for  
            providing and staffing a toll-free or alternative phone number  
            for those impacted by a breach to contact the department.  
            These costs would probably be minor for any single department.









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          4)Any cost to local government entities would be  
            nonreimbursable.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Purpose  . According to the author and sponsor, the California  
            Credit Union League (CCUL), this bill makes needed  
            improvements to California's data breach notification law-AB  
            700 (Simitian)/Chapter 1054 of 2002-in light of three years of  
            experience with the operation of the law.  This bill: (a)  
            entitles the owner or licensee of personal information to  
            recover notification costs from the person or business that  
            actually maintained and compromised the data; (b) clarifies  
            that those subject to the notification law must follow  
            specific provisions developed by industry governing data  
            retention; and, (c) requires notices to be more  
            consumer-friendly. The author also argues that during the  
            three years in which the notice law has been in effect, we  
            have learned a great deal about its strengths and  
            shortcomings.

            CCLU believes that this bill will force retailers to take  
            greater steps to secure financial data and limit the  
            opportunities for data breaches to occur.  In addition, CCLU  
            indicates that the revamped notice requirement will mean that  
            consumers will have the correct information about where data  
            breaches occur. This is particularly important to credit  
            unions, because even though the retailer might be responsible  
            for the breach, existing law requires the credit union to  
            provide the notice to the consumer. The consumer, CCLU fears,  
            will equate the message with the messenger, creating bad  
            public relations for a credit union even though it was not  
            responsible for the breach.  Finally, the sponsor supports the  
            reimbursement provision because it creates pressure for  
            merchants to prevent data breaches.

            According to the author's office, the bill's prohibitions on  
            storage of payment-related data and sensitive authentication  
            data are modeled on the Payment Card Industry (PCI) data  
            security standards. These standards were recently developed  
            mainly by Visa and Mastercard and are intended to govern  
            storage and protection of data. Compliance with these  
            standards among large retailers, while still relatively low,  
            is reportedly growing-from 15% to about one-third in the last  
            year for Level 1 merchants (those processing more than six  








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            million transactions annually).

           2)Opposition  . A coalition of associations representing several  
            types of businesses, including retailers, financial  
            institutions, electronics and information technology firms,  
            insurers, grocers and restaurants registers its strong  
            opposition to the bill. The coalition believes the bill  
            establishes onerous data management standards for government  
            and business. The coalition argues that the bill requires  
            every business and government entity accepting any form of  
            payment to establish "very high and possibly unattainable data  
            retention and security standards that will result in extremely  
            high compliance costs for government and business." 

          The coalition particularly notes the AB 779 prohibition on  
            sending "payment related data across  any  network [including  
            interagency or interdepartmental] unless the data is encrypted  
            using strong cryptography and security protocols." 

          The coalition also objects to the requirement to reimburse  
            financial institutions for the costs of sending out breach  
            notification letters and credit and debit card replacements,  
            the requirement to maintain a toll-free number for customers  
            to inquire about a data breach (the bill actually allows use  
            of a local number if no toll-free number has previously been  
            established), and the general interjection of government into  
            an area of contractual relationships and obligations between  
            consenting businesses.

           3)Related Legislation  .  AB 1298 (Jones), pending in the  
            Assembly, adds medical information and health insurance  
            information to the list of personal information subject to  
            California's breach notification law.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081