BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                 SENATE HEALTH
                               COMMITTEE ANALYSIS
                        Senator Deborah V. Ortiz, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 1773                                      
          S
          AUTHOR:        Alarcon                                      
          B
          AMENDED:       As introduced
          HEARING DATE:  April 26, 2006                               
          1
          FISCAL:        Public Safety / NonFiscal                    
          7
                                                                      
          7
          CONSULTANT:                                                 
          3
          Machi / ak
                                        
                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                             Fines and forfeitures

                                     SUMMARY  

          This bill authorizes counties to collect an additional $2  
          penalty assessment for every $10 in base fines for purposes  
          of providing payment for emergency medical services.   
          Requires revenue generated from the assessment to be  
          deposited into the Maddy Emergency Medical Services Fund  
          (Maddy EMS Fund), with 15 percent designated for pediatric  
          trauma centers, and allows for up to10 percent to be used  
          for administrative costs.  Sunsets the provisions of this  
          bill January 1, 2009.  This measure is a reintroduction of  
          the final version of SB 57 (Alarcon, 2005) which was vetoed  
          by Governor Schwarzenegger.

                                     ABSTRACT  
          
          Existing law:
          Government code:
          1.Allows counties to assess additional charges on fines,  
            penalties and forfeitures collected by courts for certain  
            criminal and vehicle code violation to provide Maddy  
            Revenues for the purpose of funding County EMS Funds.
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          Health and Safety code:
          1.Establishes the Emergency Medical Services Authority  
            within the California Health and Human Services Agency to  
            provide statewide coordination of local county EMS  
            programs.

          2.Authorizes counties to establish Maddy EMS funds to  
            reimburse health care providers for emergency services  
            provided to people who cannot afford to pay for emergency  
            care.

          3.Provides that funds collected under the Maddy Emergency  
            Medical Services Act of 1987 shall be used to reimburse  
            physicians and surgeons for losses incurred for services  
            provided to patients.

          4.Authorizes a county to use 10 percent of the EMS Fund for  
            administration costs.

          5.Allows for counties to maintain a reserve of up to 15  
            percent.

          6.Provides for reimbursement of physicians and surgeons  
            from the EMS Fund for up to 50 percent of the amount  
            claimed and allows additional proportional reimbursement  
            to physicians and surgeons of all funds remaining at the  
            end of the fiscal year in excess of certain reserves.

          7.Requires a county to adopt a fee schedule to establish a  
            uniform, reasonable, level of reimbursement from the  
            physician services account for reimbursable services.

          8.Requires the administering agency to establish procedures  
            and time schedules for submission and processing of  
            reimbursement claims from the EMS Fund submitted by  
            physicians in accordance with these provisions and  
            requires that schedules for payment provide for periodic  
            disbursement of the funds to physicians, at least  
            quarterly.

          9.Authorizes payments from the EMS Fund for un-reimbursed  
            emergency medical services performed on the calendar day  
            on which the services are first performed and the  
            immediately following two calendar days.
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          This bill:
          This bill amends the Maddy EMS Fund to provide that of the  
          money deposited into the EMS Fund pursuant to this bill, 15  
          percent shall be utilized to provide funding for pediatric  
          trauma centers.  Specifically, this bill:

          1.Requires that funds collected under the provisions of  
            this bill be deposited into the Maddy EMS Fund, as  
            specified.

          2.Provides that expenditure of money deposited in a Maddy  
            EMS Fund pursuant to this bill shall be limited to  
            reimbursement to physicians and surgeons, and hospitals  
            for patients who do not make payment for services, or for  
            expanding the services provided at pediatric trauma  
            centers, including the purchase of equipment.

          3.Specifies that of the money deposited into the fund  
            pursuant to Section 76000.5 of the Government Code, 15  
            percent shall be utilized to provide funding for all  
            pediatric trauma centers throughout the county, both  
            publicly and privately owned and operated.  Expenditure  
            of money shall be limited to reimbursement to physicians  
            and surgeons, and hospitals for patients who do not make  
            payment for services, or to hospitals for expanding the  
            services provided at pediatric trauma centers, including  
            the purchase of equipment.  Counties that do not maintain  
            a pediatric trauma center shall utilize the money  
            deposited into the fund to improve access to pediatric  
            trauma and emergency services in the county, with  
            preference for funding given to hospitals that specialize  
            in services to children, and physicians and surgeons who  
            provide care for children.  Funds spent for the purposes  
            of this section, shall be known as the Pediatric Care  
            Allocation.

          4.Requires that funds shall be collected under the  
            provisions of this bill only if the county board of  
            supervisors provides that the increased penalties do not  
            offset or reduce the funding of other programs from other  
            sources, but that these additional revenues result in  
            increased funding to those programs.

          5.Provides that the costs of administering money deposited  
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            in a Maddy EMS Fund under this bill should not exceed 10  
            percent.

          This measure is a reintroduction of the final version of SB  
          57 (Alarcon, 2005) which was vetoed by Governor  
          Schwarzenegger.

                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          No fiscal impact on the state.  However, this bill may  
          potentially generate up to $60 million for county EMS  
          funds.

                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  
          
          Need for the legislation
          According to the author, this bill would create a specific  
          mechanism for the Maddy EMS Fund to allow counties to  
          collect an additional $2 penalty assessment of every $10  
          penalty for all criminal offenses, as specified.  This  
          would be a $20 increase on an average $340 ticket payment.   
          As a result of this bill, increased funding for Emergency  
          and Trauma Care is estimated to be $60 million per year.   
          This bill would also establish a Pediatric Care Allocation  
          for equipment and facilities.  According to the author,  
          these additional funds would also be instrumental in  
          maintaining the financial stability of the emergency and  
          trauma centers, decreasing the diversion time and patient  
          wait time and improving services overall.

          The author states that many hospitals throughout California  
          suffer from funding shortages.  As a result, hospitals are  
          not prepared to adequately serve the patients in their area  
          and are often forced to close their doors.  Many of these  
          hospitals offer trauma care services that are essential to  
          saving the lives of many patients who without them would  
          have no choice but to go elsewhere for services.  The  
          author asserts that currently, trauma care centers face a  
          $635 million loss.  The author states that this bill seeks  
          to generate funding to help alleviate this problem.

          Maddy EMS Funds
          In 1987, the Legislature concluded that the emergency  
          medical service providers bore higher costs for their  
          services than did providers of other medical services but  
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          often received only partial or no payment from patients.   
          To address this, the state enacted a series of laws  
          providing revenues to compensate physicians and medical  
          facilities for emergency services provided to patients who  
          do not have health insurance and cannot pay for their  
          medical care.  
          The first of these laws, Chapter 1240, Statutes of 1987,  
          authored by Senator Ken Maddy allows counties to establish  
          Emergency Medical Services Funds (EMS Funds).

          As of November 2003, 49 counties had established EMS funds.  
           Counties finance these funds through several revenue  
          sources:  (1) penalty assessments on certain criminal and  
          traffic violations, known as Maddy revenues; (2) a portion  
          of the fees from people attending traffic violator schools;  
          (3) revenues from taxes on tobacco products deposited in  
          the State's Cigarette and Tobacco Products Surtax Fund; and  
          (4) redirected money from the State's Cigarette and Tobacco  
          Products Surtax Fund through an annual Emergency Medical  
          Services Appropriation.

          Counties must use Maddy revenues as follows:  10 percent  
          may be used for administration; 58 percent is allocated to  
          an account for physicians who provide emergency medical  
          services and are not employed in county hospitals, 25  
          percent to an account for hospitals that provide for a  
          larger share of a county's trauma and emergency care  
          services, and 17 percent to an account for discretionary  
          emergency medical services as determined by the county.

          Physicians can receive reimbursement for up to 50 percent  
          of their claims, whereas hospital and discretionary costs  
          can be reimbursed up to 100 percent.

          Previous legislation
          SB 57 (Alarcon, 2005) would have authorized counties to  
          collect an additional $2 penalty assessment for every $10  
          in base fines for purposes of providing payment for  
          emergency medical services.  Required revenue generated  
          from the assessment to be deposited into the Maddy EMS  
          Fund, with 15 percent designated for pediatric trauma  
          centers, and allows for up to10 percent to be used for  
          administrative costs.  This measure was vetoed by the  
          Governor.

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          Governor's veto message
            "The levels of court-ordered fines and fees have  
            increased dramatically in recent years as many individual  
            programs seek ways to increase their funding.  However,  
            the total amount of dollars collected or available for  
            collection has not increased accordingly.  The effect is  
            that the addition of new fines and fees tends to reduce  
            the imposition and collection of existing penalties,  
            which are passed out on a prorated basis to the various  
            funds.  The Victim Compensation Program receives a  
            significant portion of its funding from restitution  
            fines.

            While programs seeking new or additional funding in this  
            manner might in fact be deserving or worthwhile, it is  
            simply not possible to continue adding new recipients to  
            the existing program distribution without reducing  
            funding to current deserving recipients.  Local EMS funds  
            currently receive funds from penalty assessments.  In  
            recognition of the need for funding, my 2005-2006 budget  
            contains another $10 million in General Fund for trauma  
            centers.























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            However, I cannot approve further attachment of this  
            source of funding at the expense of victims and others  
            who are likely to lose precious funding from this source  
            if SB 57 were to become law."
          General Fund augmentation
          The 2005-06 Budget contained a $10 million one-time General  
          Fund Augmentation.  The Governor's 2006-07 Budget does not  
          continue this augmentation.

          Arguments in support
          According to the sponsor, this bill could potentially raise  
          $50 million to be used to reimburse physicians and surgeons  
          for care given to uninsured patients.  The sponsor states  
          that the Maddy EMS Fund is one of the primary mechanisms to  
          reimburse physicians and surgeons for treating uninsured  
          patients.  The sponsor asserts that counties throughout  
          California have only been able to reimburse physicians a  
          fraction of the dollar amount of the claims submitted by  
          physicians for treating uninsured patients.  The sponsor  
          states that as the number of uninsured grows to over 6  
          million people statewide the losses sustained in emergency  
          departments continue to grow.  According to the sponsor, in  
          2004 the California Medical Association reported that over  
          the past decade more that 65 emergency rooms have closed  
          that the losses sustained by hospitals and physicians for  
          the year 2001-2002 was over $635 million.  The author  
          argues that as the losses continue to grow, the Maddy EMS  
          Fund becomes even more vital.  According to the sponsor,  
          although the passage of SB 1773 will not fix the entire  
          emergency care crisis, it does help prevent the already  
          fragile emergency care system from sustaining further  
          deterioration.

          Arguments in opposition
          According to the opposition, there is no question that  
          emergency rooms are facing a myriad problems and are  
          suffering the effects of an underfunded healthcare system.   
          They argue that this is a public crisis deserving of a  
          broad solution.  The California Teamsters Public Affairs  
          Council and the California Labor Federation argue that,  
          unfortunately, SB 1773 represents a tiny band aid that will  
          have little impact on the overall problem but have a  
          significant negative impact on the group the bill targets  
          for what can only be characterized as a tax on our members  
          and every other working driver in this state.
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          The opposition continues by stating that they have become  
          increasingly concerned over the high level of fines for  
          infractions.  They argue that the fines have been on a  
          steady rise in recent years and their view is that they  
          have reached their saturation point.  According to the  
          opposition, just a few years ago, the Legislature increased  
          fines across the board 20 percent.  The opposition asserts  
          that this coupled with high insurance rates and the fact  
          that their members are no longer permitted to attend  
          traffic school under a recently enacted measure, make  
          further increase in fines and penalties difficult to take.

                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:  California Chapter, American College of Emergency  
          Physicians (sponsor)
                    California Hospital Association
                    California Medical Association
                    County of Los Angeles
                    Peace Officers Research Association of California

          Oppose:California Labor Federation AFL-CIO
                    California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
                    Commission on Peace Officer Standards and  
          Training