BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                            Martha M. Escutia, Chair
                           2001-2002 Regular Session


          SB 1122                                                S
          Senator Poochigian                                     B
          As Amended April 18, 2001
          Hearing Date:  May 15, 2001                            1
          Civil and Government Codes                             1
          CJW:cjt                                                2
                                                                 2

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                    Real Estate:  Disclosures Upon Transfer

                                   DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would require owners of real property in any  
          local assessment district to notify prospective purchasers  
          of any such continuing assessments upon the subject  
          property.

          In addition, this bill would require the local government  
          body levying the assessment to designate a department to  
          prepare a roll of assessment obligations, to respond to  
          inquiries, and to provide a Notice of Assessment on any  
          affected property upon the request of any individual for a  
          reasonable fee not to exceed ten dollars. 

                                    BACKGROUND  

          Transfers of real property have been required to be made by  
          written contract since before the Civil Code was enacted in  
          1872.  For just as long, the common law has been applied to  
          address instances of fraud, mistake, and failure to  
          disclose material information in such contracts.  From time  
          to time, the Legislature has supplemented the common law by  
          enacting statutory disclosure obligations for real property  
          transfers, most particularly the Transfer Disclosure  
          Statement law enacted in 1985.  [Civ. Code Sec. 1102.6.]   

          In 1982, the Legislature enacted the Mello-Roos Community  
          Facilities Act, allowing local governments to form special  
                                                                 
          (more)



          SB 1122 (Poochigian)
          Page 2



          taxation districts to finance public improvements.  The  
          special property taxes permitted by these districts were in  
          addition to the usual property taxes anticipated by  
          homeowners, and no provision was made to notify residential  
          purchasers of the existence of such an additional  
          continuing tax on the property they were buying.

          The Legislature addressed this issue by enacting a specific  
          real estate transfer disclosure requirement for Mello-Roos  
          taxes in 1992.  [SB 1464 (Mello), Ch. 772, Stats. of 1992.]  
           This legislation also required the local government body  
          levying the tax to designate a department to prepare an  
          annual roll of such taxes, respond to inquiries about them,  
          and furnish notices disclosing the presence and amount of  
          such taxes upon request for a reasonable fee.

          This bill would enact the same transfer disclosure  
          requirement, and require the same local government  
          assumption of disclosure responsibilities, for other local  
          property assessments as the above-referenced legislation  
          required for Mello-Roos taxes.    

                             CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           1.   Existing law  requires certain disclosures to be made  
            upon the transfer of real estate, and prescribes the  
            manner and form of the disclosures.  [  See  ,  e.g  ., Civ.  
            Code Secs. 1102.6 (TDS Statement); 1102.6b (disclosure  
            provision for Mello-Roos taxes).]  

             This bill  would amend Section 1102.6b of the Civil Code  
            to include assessments levied by local governments (as  
            defined in Section 53750 of the Government Code) in the  
            items for which disclosure is required to prospective  
            purchasers of real property.  

           2.   Existing law  requires any local government that levies  
            a Mello-Roos tax to designate a department to prepare an  
            annual roll of this tax on individual parcels of  
            property, to respond to inquiries about the tax, and to  
            furnish a Notice of Special Tax (in a format  
            substantially similar to a model set forth in the  
            statute) explaining the existence and amount of this tax  
            on any parcel, upon request for a reasonable fee not to  
            exceed ten dollars.  [Govt. Code Sec. 53340.2.] 
                                                                       




          SB 1122 (Poochigian)
          Page 3




             This bill  would place identical obligations on local  
            governments levying assessments under Government Code  
            Section 53750.
             
                                     COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for legislation

             The Howard Jarvis Taxpayer's Association, the sponsor of  
            this bill, states that the special tax districts  
            authorized by the Mello-Roos Act often were formed by  
            local governments at the behest of residential developers  
            to finance the streets, sewers, and other capital  
            improvements necessary to their developments.  Since  
            there was no real estate transfer notice requirement for  
            these special taxes, however, many home purchasers in  
            Mello-Roos districts were caught by surprise when their  
            first tax bill on their new home included taxes they had  
            not anticipated.  

            The subsequent transfer disclosure law for Mello-Roos  
            taxes, which passed with the involvement and support of  
            the Howard Jarvis group, has succeeded in its goal to  
            inform prospective purchasers of these additional  
            financial obligations before they commit to a purchase.   
            In fact, the sponsor notes, the disclosure law has been  
            so successful in raising public awareness about these  
            taxes that residential developers who obtain alternative  
            financing for necessary capital improvements often  
            advertise their new housing tracts as having the  
            advantage of  "no Mello-Roos" obligations. 

            According to the sponsor, however, one alternative  
            financing tool many developers are using in place of  
            Mello-Roos is a fairly old public improvement bonds  
            statute enacted in 1915, known as "the '15 Act."   
            [Streets & Highways Code Sec. 8500  et   seq  .]  This Act  
            authorizes the sale of bonds to finance streets and other  
            capital improvements, and provides for repayment of the  
            bonds through assessments on the property parcels defined  
            as benefiting from the improvements.

            The sponsor states that increasing use of the '15 Act is  
            creating the same problem for home purchasers initially  
                                                                       




          SB 1122 (Poochigian)
          Page 4



            posed by the Mello-Roos Act:  The lack of a specific  
            transfer disclosure notice for these property assessments  
            means new homeowners are not informed about what often  
            are substantial continuing obligations on their new  
            homes.  (As an example, the sponsor has provided a copy  
            of a 2001 property tax bill from a home in Orange County  
            listing a general property tax obligation of $5,276, plus  
            a "special assessment district" tax of $2,797.  The  
            sponsor states the home purchaser had no idea this  
            special assessment tax existed until he received this  
            bill.) 

            To remedy this situation, the sponsor submits this bill,  
            which would provide for disclosure of such continuing  
            local property assessments to prospective home  
            purchasers.

           2.   Bill mirrors Mello-Roos disclosure law  

            This bill would amend Civil Code Section 1102.6b, the  
            existing Mello-Roos disclosure statute, to add "any  
            assessment" as described in Section 53750(b) of the  
            Government Code (defining local property assessments) to  
            the special property tax obligations required to be  
            disclosed by that section. 

            Further, this bill would add Section 53754 to the  
            Government Code, which (except for referring to  
            "assessments" instead of "special taxes") is a verbatim  
            restatement of that section of the Mello-Roos Act  
            describing local government obligations in providing  
            notice of the taxes associated with that act.  [  See  Govt.  
            Code Sec. 53340.2.]  Like the Mello-Roos provision, this  
            bill would require the local government to designate a  
            department to prepare an annual roll of assessment  
            obligations by parcel number, and to promptly respond to  
            inquiries concerning current and future estimated tax  
            liability.  

            This bill would further provide that neither the  
            department, nor the government body levying the  
            assessment, "shall be liable if any estimate of future  
            tax liability is inaccurate, nor for any failure of any  
            seller to request a Notice of Assessment or to provide  
            the notice to the buyer."  This language, again taken  
                                                                       




          SB 1122 (Poochigian)
          Page 5



            directly from the Mello-Roos provision, provides  
            appropriate protection to the government body, which is  
            unable to guarantee either the tax estimates it is  
            required to provide, or the actual provision to a  
            purchaser of the Notice of Assessment it is required to  
            make available to the seller. 

            Finally, this bill would provide a suggested form for the  
            Notice of Assessment the department is required to make  
            available, which except for the substitution of  
            "assessments" for "special taxes" is a verbatim reprint  
            of the suggested form in the Mello-Roos provision.  The  
            bill would require substantial compliance with the  
            suggested form, which sets forth its warning provisions  
            in large type, explains the assessment obligations and  
            consequences of nonpayment in clear language, notes that  
            the sales contract may be terminated within three days of  
            personal receipt of the notice, and provides for the  
            buyer's acknowledgement of receipt of the notice.  As  
            such, it would appear to provide adequate notice to  
            prospective purchasers.

           3.   No opposition anticipated  

            The sponsor states that, although realtors expressed some  
            initial concerns about the bill, they are satisfied that  
            the disclosure provision actually will protect them from  
            potential liability and therefore are not opposed.

            The California Building Industry Association (CBIA) notes  
            that developer financing arrangements, and the general  
            tax or assessment consequences resulting therefrom, are  
            required to be disclosed to the Department of Real  
            Estate, which in turn makes such general information  
            publicly available upon request.  The CBIA agrees,  
            however, that there is no current mechanism for  
            disclosing parcel-specific tax information or estimates  
            to prospective home purchasers.  The CBIA does not oppose  
            this bill. 
              



          Support:  None known

                                                                       




          SB 1122 (Poochigian)
          Page 6



          Opposition:  None known

                                     HISTORY
           
          Source:  Howard Jarvis Taxpayer's Association

          Related Pending Legislation:  None Known

           Prior Legislation:  SB 1464 (Mello), Ch. 772, Stats. of  
                        1992 (requiring property owner to make "good  
                        faith effort" to obtain disclosure notice of  
                        Mello-Roos taxes and to disclose same to  
                        prospective purchaser; designating department  
                        to prepare assessment roll and provide  
                        disclosure notice on request)  

                                 **************